home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
MacWorld 1997 September
/
Macworld (1997-09).dmg
/
Shareware World
/
Info
/
For Developers
/
DR2.1update3
/
README.install
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1997-06-28
|
11KB
|
294 lines
June 26, 1997
This file describes the first part of installing DR2.1update3 -- the
Microkernel, the Linux Server, and the Default Pager. Once you have
completed the installation of these pieces, please read and follow the
instructions in the file "README.shared" for the Shared Library portion
of this update.
How to install the Mach Kernel and Linux Server
-----------------------------------------------
Before we go on, there is something that must be said:
** ALWAYS BE SURE TO MAKE BACKUP COPIES OF THE MACH KERNEL AND LINUX SERVER. **
(especially if you already had MkLinux running, or even limping :-)
For the Mach Kernel, which normally lives in your Extensions folder, just
rename the file. For the Linux Server, vmlinux, be sure to leave a backup
copy in the /mach_servers directory. If something doesn't work right with
the new kernel/server pair, you'll be able to go back to the old kernel
(by renaming it back to "Mach Kernel" in your extensions folder), boot it
and the previous vmlinux.
Obtaining the kernel/server pair
--------------------------------
The Mach Kernel and Linux Server can be ftp'ed from the MkLinux ftp site:
ftp://ftp.mklinux.apple.com/pub/Updates/DR2.1update3/
The Mach Kernel is gzipped (ie. compressed) and is called:
Mach_Kernel.gz
The Linux Server is also gzipped, and is called:
vmlinux.gz
These files should be available on various mirror sites as well.
General downloading notes
-------------------------
If you are using Mac OS to download files, make sure you set the format
to BINARY for ftp'ing these files.
We recommend you use Fetch or similar FTP Mac OS application rather than
Netscape or another Web Browser. Some browsers are incorrectly configured,
resulting in corrupted downloaded files. Some browsers will attempt to
display binary files such as the uncompressed Mach Kernel on the screen.
A copy of Fetch can be found in ftp://ftp.mklinux.apple.com/pub/FTP_tools
The Mach Kernel
---------------
We provide a pre-built Mach Kernel in gzipped (compressed) form. The
file name on the ftp site is:
Mach_Kernel.gz
You will need to "gunzip" it (ie. uncompress it) before it is usable.
Then, it must be placed in your Extensions folder, with the name:
Mach Kernel
Note, there's a space in that name, even though on the ftp site there
is an underscore in the name. Be sure to rename the file appropriately!
Note also that the gunzipped version will look like a simple document:
no fancy icon, no special type or creator ID. This is OK. The Mach Kernel
file is a document used by the MkLinux Booter. It may not look pretty,
but if it has the correct name (Mach Kernel), the right type (Document,
NOT SimpleText Document) and is in the Extensions folder, the Booter will
find it and launch MkLinux.
(see below for hints on how to gunzip files in both MacOS and MkLinux, and
for hints on moving files between the Mac Filesystem and the MkLinux
filesystem)
The Linux Server
----------------
Like the kernel, we provide a pre-built Linux server in gzipped form.
The file is:
vmlinux.gz
It too must be be gunzipped. The linux server "lives" in your MkLinux
filesystem, in the directory "/mach_servers". Its name should be
/mach_servers/vmlinux
when it's installed. There is probably already a "vmlinux" file there,
so you should probably rename the old one.
(see below for hints on how to gunzip files in both MacOS and MkLinux, and
for hints on moving files between the Mac Filesystem and the MkLinux
filesystem)
The Default Pager
-----------------
The Default Pager, like the Linux Server, is a mach task. Follow the
instructions for the Linux Server above, but the file is "default_pager.gz".
Version Information
-------------------
The version of the Mach Kernel and Linux Server installed on the system
may be obtained through two files located in the /proc filesystem.
To see the version string for the Mach Kernel, type:
cat /proc/osfmach3/version
To see the version string for the Linux server, type:
cat /proc/version
The dates in these two version strings should match the date at the top
of this message.
How to gunzip (ie. uncompress) files
------------------------------------
If you are running MkLinux, there are a couple ways that you can uncompress
a gzipped file. For instance, if you have vmlinux.gz, and you want
to uncompress it, use the command:
gunzip vmlinux.gz
As an alternative, you could keep the original ".gz" file and use
the command:
zcat vmlinux.gz > /mach_servers/vmlinux
(for instance)
If you are running MacOS, get the tool MacGzip from the ftp site:
ftp://ftp.mklinux.apple.com/pub/FTP_tools
Drag a gzipped file (such as Mach_Kernel.gz) onto the MacGzip icon.
MacGzip will recognize it as a gzipped file and uncompress it.
Whichever method you use to gunzip the file, if either program "complains"
about corrupt files, you'll most likely need to FTP the file again.
How to move files between the MkLinux filesystem and the Mac OS volume
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The following steps are an example of how to transfer the Mach Kernel
from a MkLinux filesystem to a Mac OS volume and how to transfer a
Linux Server from the Mac OS volume to the MkLinux filesystem.
All steps are performed under MkLinux and as the user root.
1) "mount" the HFS volume. You will need to know the SCSI ID and
partition number of the HFS volume where the file is located.
For example:
hmount /dev/sda3
This will mount SCSI ID 0 (a=0, b=1, c=2, etc), partition 3.
You can use the disklabel utility to determine which partion
is your HFS partition:
disklabel /dev/sda
2) Next, change directory to where the file exists, or is to be placed in,
the HFS volume. In this example, the file is to be placed in the Extensions
folder in the System Folder.
hcd ":System Folder:Extensions"
Note, HFSUTILS uses ":", not "/" to separate names in a path. For
example, if the file was located in a folder named "MkLinux Downloads"
within the folder "My Downloads", then the path would look like
":My Downloads:MkLinux Downloads"
3) The last step actually copies the file.
hcopy -r /tmp/Mach_Kernel ":Mach Kernel"
This will copy the file /tmp/Mach_Kernel (note the underscore) to the
file "Mach Kernel" (note the space) in the Extensions directory in
the System Folder on the HFS volume.
4) Or, to copy a file _from_ the HFS volume to MkLinux
hcopy -r ":vmlinux.gz" /tmp/vmlinux.gz
This will copy the vmlinux.gz file from the current location to
vmlinux in the /tmp directory in the MkLinux filesystem.
That's it! For more information, read the hfsutils manual page
(man hfsutils)
File transfer between MkLinux and the Mac OS volume when you can't run MkLinux
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
***
*** NOTE: If you use Linux Disks, be sure to get a recent version!
*** Version 1.0d5 was known to corrupt the MkLinux filesystem
***
Sometimes, you may need to manipulate the MkLinux filesystem from MacOS.
Although it's not likely that you would need to do this to apply this update,
there is a way to move files to and from the MkLinux filesystem when you're
running MacOS.
There is a utility called LinuxDisks written by Michel Pollet. It is
currently under active development, but is quite effective. For more
information on obtaining LinuxDisks, point your web browser to:
http://w3.teaser.fr/~mpollet/LinuxDisks/
Even though you probably won't need the tool for this update, it is very
handy to have around.
Problems after Installation
---------------------------
(This section is unchanged from previous updates)
Some users have reported a new update will cause the system to be
"stuck" at the MkLinux Boot splash screen -- the dialog box which
asks if you want to continue to boot into Mac OS or boot into
MkLinux.
Here are some suggestions on how to fix this problem -
* Verify the Mach Kernel was correctly downloaded. Web Browsers sometimes
have problems; we recommend you use Fetch. Be sure the BINARY transfer
mode was set. Be sure the resulting file sizes match exactly what
is stated in this README. Be sure the Kind is "document".
* Some 6100's with DOS cards are reported not to boot MkLinux with the
DOS card running. Try turning the card off. This can be done through its
control panel.
* Try lowering the Disk Cache size under Mac OS to 96KB or less.
This can be done through the Memory Control Panel.
MkLinux booting is sensitive to the memory usage of Mac OS.
* Verify the system is not running RAM Doubler or a similar product.
Also, in some configurations, Speed Doubler has been known to
conflict with the booting process.
* Make sure Virtual Memory under Mac OS has been turned off.
The MkLinux Boot Loader extension incorrectly detects if
VM has been turned off under System 7.5.5 or later.
* For weird and unknown reasons, installing MacsBug will often allow
a system to boot MkLinux. We're looking into why this fixes things.
Reverting back to the previous Mach Kernel and Linux Server
-----------------------------------------------------------
In case the new Mach Kernel and/or Linux server breaks more than it fixes,
you can revert back to the previous version (assuming you have made backup
copies).
Restoring the Mach Kernel file is easy; simply copy the backed up version
to the Extensions folder - be sure the file is named "Mach Kernel" (note
that there's a space in the name).
Restoring the Linux Server, vmlinux, requires a few more steps -
1) Under Mac OS, edit the lilo.conf file to include the line
mach_options=-a
The lilo.conf file can edited by clicking on the CUSTOM button
in the MkLinux control panel.
If you already had a mach_options line (for other reasons), put the
"-a" at the beginning of the line, just after the "=" symbol. Ie.
mach_options=-a -m90 video_probe=true bus_speed=44000000
As an alternative to adding "-a" to your mach_options, you can simply
press "a" on the "splash screen" (the one with the countdown) when you're
booting MkLinux.
2) Reboot into MkLinux
3) MkLinux should prompt you for a new bootstrap.conf file.
Simply press <RETURN>.
4) You will be prompted for the default pager. Press <RETURN> again.
5) At this point you should be prompted for vmlinux (Linux Server).
Here you can make corrections (i.e. use the DELETE key) to edit
the name to the backed up version of the Linux Server. Press <RETURN>
to continue booting.
6) The system should boot with the older version.
Once the system is up, restore the old vmlinux file as "/mach_servers/vmlinux".
Don't forget to restore the "mach_options" line in the lilo.conf file.